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Vol. 21, No. 4, ( 1988)
Waste Management and Remedial Action- A New Way of Doing Business: An Interview with Tom Row
- The DOE Model
- The Energy Systems Approach
- Improving Waste Management Operations
- Waste Management Technology Center
- The Hazardous Waste Technology Program
- PCB-Eating Microbes
- Radioactive Waste Management R&D
- Grouts Solve Disposal Problems
- ORNL's New Environmental Projects
- Remedial Actions for ORNL's Environment
- QA in Waste Management
- Loss of Coolant: ORNL's Role in a Key Reactor Safety Experiment
- Awards and Appointments
- Books. ORNL researcher's book discusses the economics of recycling plastic waste
- R&D Updates. Roof Research Center dedicated; leaking Georgia cesium capsules probed
- Take a Number
- Technical Highlights. Two 1988 R&D 100 Awards for Oak Ridge; new ORELA positron source operating
- Technology Transfer. Triple-effect absorption chiller and diagnostic device licensed
Vol. 21, No. 3, ( 1988)
Supercomputers in Scientific Research- Supercomputers in Scientific Research
- Energy for Development: ORNL Returns to the Third World
- Designer Steels for Advanced Energy Applications
- New DNA Stain Aids Cell Studies
- Take a Number
- Awards and Appointments
- Books. Chaos, by James Gleick, reviewed by Woody Gove
- R&D Updates. Alvin Trivelpiece: ORNL's new director; two HHIRF devices operating; tritium pellet injector for fusion demonstrated; DOE Superconductivity Pilot Center located at ORNL
- Technical Highlights. Hood River Conservation Project an energy-saving success; decline in tree growth linked to aluminum "freed" from soil by acid rain
- Technology Transfer. Valley-Todeco licensed to make aircraft fasteners from ORNL alloy; metallamics to manufacture nickel aluminide products
Vol. 21, No. 2, ( 1988)
State of the Laboratory- State of the Laboratory: "Gee Whiz". Ceramics strengthened by microwaves, superconducting films, a computer program featuring a "bug" that learns, a microbe that destroys PCBs in soil, a laser having a tuning range 2000 times greater than its commercial counterpart, an energy-efficient liquid separation system, and chemically produced whiskers that strengthen ceramics are "gee whiz" achievements in 1987. In his final State of the Laboratory address as ORNL director, Herman Postma challenges the staff to set new directions and learn from past mistakes.
- Susan Whatley: From Fast Track to Slow Boat. Impelled by economic necessity and an enthusiasm for learning, Susan Whatley rose from secretary to engineer to manager to professional society president in a short time. Now retired, she and her husband are sailing around the world. Accompanying articles tell about ORNL's mentoring program and progress in affirmative action.
- Imaging the World's Longest Dinosaur. An ORNL acoustic technique for imaging underground features has determined the precise positions of buried bones of the longest dinosaur ever discovered and should help guide and hasten the excavation of this Seismosaurus.
- Awards and Appointments
- Take a Number
- Books. The Making of the Atomic Bomb is reviewed. Recent books authored or edited by ORNL staff members are listed.
- Technical Highlights. HFIR shutdown stops production of californium-252. A robot-like manipulator for NASA is being built at ORNL.
- R&D Updates. The HTML wins an award from Research & Development. Tumulus disposal of low-level wastes has been demonstrated.
- Technology Transfer. An ORNL surveying system has been licensed to Chemrad Corporation. 1987 patentees from ORNL are listed.
Vol. 21, No. 1, ( 1988)
Transferring ORNL Technology- Toward a "Technological Commons"
- A New Licensing Approach
- Industrial R&D Consortia
- Local ORNL Spin-off Companies
- Designing Chips by Computer. ORNL is custom designing microchips for specific uses, such as tracking the migration of killer bees, due in the United States by next year.
- Images of the Heart. New developments from ORNL's Nuclear Medicine Group will improve diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases and aid in cancer detection.
- "We Have the Best People Around": Interview with Associate Director Robert Merriman. Bob Merriman discusses his new job, nuclear power, ORNL's environmental problems, robotics, SDI research, and AVLIS for uranium enrichment.
- Microwave Processing of Ceramics: An Interdisciplinary Approach. High-frequency microwaves may be used to strengthen large, already-formed ceramic parts having complex shapes.
- Take a Number
- Awards and Appointments
- Books. Controlling Technology: Ethics and the Responsible Engineer is reviewed.
- R&D Updates. Athens Automation and Control Experiment proves successful; impact statement completed on disposal of chemical weapons; the Advanced Toroidal Facility achieves its first plasma
- Technology Transfer. U.S. steelmaker acquires rights for use of ORNL alloy.
Vol. 20, No. 4, ( 1987)
- Magnetic Fusion Progress: A History and Review
- Introducing Methanol-Fueled Vehicles
- Ultrasonic Diffraction Tomography for Imaging Tumors
- Take a Number
- Technical Capsules. EPA adopts ORNL test to determine hazardous-waste toxicity; ORNL computer model demonstrates learning; antibody-laser technique may detect toxic chemicals; five Oak Ridge developments win 1987 IR 100 awards.
- News Notes. Restart plans for HFIR, other reactors; Numerical Linear Algebra Year observed; 11th Distinguished Scientist named; ORNL researchers facilitate cleanup at TMI; compression of ORNL waste demonstrated; stimulating transfer of ORNL technologies.
- Books. The Dragon's Tail: Radiation Safety in the Manhattan Project is reviewed.
- Awards and Appointments
Vol. 20, No. 3, ( 1987)
- High-Temperature Superconductivity: ORNL Joins the Scientific Stampede
- BUILDING ENERGY CONSERVATION AND ORNL
- The Promise of Gas-Fired Heat Pumps for Buildings
- Ground-Coupled Heat Pumps: ORNL Research Aims at Lowering Costs
- International Cooperation in Heat Pump R&D: A Case History
- Technology Transfer and the Buildings Industry
- Raising Roofing to a Science: ORNL's Roof Research Center
- Foundations for Building Energy Efficiency
- ORNL's Earth-Sheltered Building Results Guide Foundation Research
- Improving Energy Efficiency in Homes and Commercial Buildings
- The Performance and Economics of Superinsulated Houses
- Radon Levels and Home Energy Conservation
- The Smart House Project
- Editorial: The Review is 20 years old
- Awards and Appointments
- Take a Number
- News Notes. ORR shut down permanently; fusion magnets set records; JET installs ORNL fusion-fuel pellet gun; ATF vessel installed; ORNL alloy and Advanced Servomanipulator licensed
- Books. Survival Strategies for New Scientists by Carl J. Sindermann is reviewed
Vol. 20, No. 2, ( 1987)
- State of the Laboratory—1986: ORNL Engages in Collaborative Research. ORNL is performing an increasing amount of work jointly with technical groups in industry, universities, other national laboratories, and laboratories in foreign countries. This collaborative research includes a physics experiment at an accelerator in Switzerland, applications. of surface-modification techniques, studies of radon in the home, the Integrated Forest Study, breeder fuel-reprocessing tests in Japan, development and testing of SDI optical components, modeling of the Chernobyl reactor accident, and tests of superconducting magnets and pellet fueling for fusion energy.
- Positive Feedback in Nature. Ecologists have increasingly come to appreciate the positive feedback processes that occur in ecosystems. These processes are self-amplifying and promote ecological change as well as biological production and diversity. Positive feedback is involved in coevolution, ecological succession, insect and disease outbreaks, and many phenomena.
- Awards and Appointments
- Books. Biotechnology Risk Assessment is reviewed
- News Notes. New materials lab dedicated; ORNL reactors shut down; DOE team issues report on HFIR; ninth Distinguished Scientist appointed; DOE waives rights to 20 ORNL inventions.
- Take a Number
Vol. 20, No. 1, ( 1987)
- The U.S.-Japan Collaboration on Breeder Fuel Reprocessing: ORNL's Role. In March 1986 the United States and Japan agreed to collaborate on developing and demonstrating breeder-reactor fuel reprocessing at a Japanese fuel-recycling pilot plant, which incorporates technology developed at ORNL. The U.S. work, mostly in remote technology, is centered at ORNL.
- National Laboratories and Science Education: The University Relations Programs at ORNL. ORNL and other national laboratories play a significant role in the education and training of university students and providing unique research experiences for university faculty. To improve science education and encourage more U.S. students to choose technical careers, ORNL has developed new programs for undergraduate and precollege education.
- ORNL Follows the Chernobyl Accident from Afar
- The Chernobyl Accident: Causes and Consequences
- Chernobyl from a Vienna Perspective: The Soviet View of the Accident
- Dynamic Analysis of the Chernobyl Accident
- Environmental Aspects of the Chernobyl Accident. When news of the Chernobyl nuclear accident was first announced in April 1986, ORNL scientists made calculations to determine about when the accident had occurred. Other ORNL scientists helped model the accident and used information on fission-product concentrations in Europe to determine the chemical conditions affecting the two releases of radioactivity from the stricken reactor. Since then, ORNL scientists have been analyzing environmental radiation data from Europe and the Soviet Union.
Vol. 19, No. 4, ( 1986)
- Sizing Up Contaminated Properties: A Saga of ORNL's Western Pioneers. Employees at ORNL's new office in Grand Junction, Colorado, have surveyed hundreds of radon-emitting properties for DOE's Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Project. The office also is responsible for several innovations that are expected to save the project millions of dollars.
- Genetic Risks of Using Ethylene Oxide. New ORNL studies on the mutagenicity of ethylene oxide in mice suggest that regulations may be needed to limit brief exposures to the gas, which is widely used by health care workers to sterilize medical supplies.
- Human Gene Therapy: A Look at a Cutting Edge of Biomedical Science. Gene therapy—implanting appropriate genes in cells to correct genetic disorders—is being considered for widespread use in humans with inherited diseases. The author, who is a member of a national committee that considers the technical, ethical, and social implications of this biomedical technology, discusses the technical merits and problems of human gene therapy and current recommendations on its future use.
- Survey Sampling: A Useful Tool for Scientific Investigation. Scientists at ORNL have used statistics and survey sampling to ensure accuracy in their research results. Examples include determining the proportion of transuranic wastes in waste mixtures and estimating the size of fish populations at various sites. The author presents a primer on conducting a survey.
- Nuclear Sleuthing at ORNL: A New Look at Neutron Activation Analysis. Scientists at ORNL have helped develop neutron-activation analysis, which has been used for 50 years to identify and quantify elements, such as uranium, in materials. They will advance the science at the expanded NAA facility at the High Flux Isotope Reactor.
- ORNL's Forays into Forensic Activation Analysis. In the 1960s ORNL activation-analysis experts helped evaluate the evidence from the Kennedy assassination and two highly publicized murder trials.
- News Notes. ORNL's involvement in CERN physics experiment; plans for ACTO, a nuclear-plant advanced controls facility; another Large Coil Test Program milestone.
- Technical Capsules. ORNL's three IR 100 award-winning projects; new method of detecting wear in motor-operated valves; designing a reactor for space.
- Take a Number
- Awards and Appointments
Vol. 19, No. 3, ( 1986)
- The Origins of Physics Research at ORNL
- The Origins of Chemical Research at ORNL
- Surface Modification Using Ion Beams and Lasers
- A View of the Surface on the Atomic Scale
- Design of High-Temperature, Ordered Intermetallic Alloys
- Materials Science Theory at ORNL
- Recent Advances in the Science of Ceramics
- Ceramics in Basic Research
- Users, Users Everywhere
- Probing Materials Using Low-Energy Neutron Beams
- ORNL's X-Ray Facility at the National Synchrotron Light Source
- The Science and Engineering of Irradiated Materials
- Theoretical Research on Solids
- Mathematical Sciences Research at ORNL
- Research in Intelligent Machines at ORNL
- Collisions of Low-Energy Multiply Charged Ions
- High-Energy Atomic Physics
- Platinized Chloroplasts: A New Bioelectronic Material Developed at ORNL
- Separation Science and Technology
- Research on High-Temperature Water Solutions
- Organic Chemistry of Coal
- Analytical Challenges in Mass Spectrometry Research
- Nuclear Physics Theory at ORNL
- Macroscopic Nuclear Physics
- Nuclear Structure of the Stressed Nucleus
- Probing Nuclei Using ORELA's Energetic Neutrons