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The transportation and industrial sectors together account for more than 50% of the country’s carbon footprint. Defossilization could help reduce new emissions from these and other difficult-to-electrify segments of the U.S. economy.

Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and six other Department of Energy national laboratories have developed a United States-based perspective for achieving net-zero carbon emissions. 

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Simulations performed on the Summit supercomputer at ORNL are cutting through that time and expense by helping researchers digitally customize the ideal alloy. 

SOS26 attendees standing in front of the Kennedy Space Center on Merrit Island, Florida the night of their dinner reception provided by the conference sponsors. The keynote speaker was Rupak Biswas from NASA. Credit: Judy Potok/ORNL, U.S. Dept. of Energy

Held in Cocoa Beach, Florida from March 11 to 14, researchers across the computing and data spectra participated in sessions developed by staff members from the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory, or ORNL, Sandia National Laboratories and the Swiss National Supercomputing Centre. 

ORNL’s Suhas Sreehari explains the algebraic and topological foundations of representation systems, used in generative AI technology such as large language models. Credit: Lena Shoemaker/ORNL, U.S. Dept. of Energy

In the age of easy access to generative AI software, user can take steps to stay safe. Suhas Sreehari, an applied mathematician, identifies misconceptions of generative AI that could lead to unintentionally bad outcomes for a user. 
 

Credit: Tyler Spano/ORNL, U.S. Dept. of Energy

Nuclear nonproliferation scientists at ORNL have published the Compendium of Uranium Raman and Infrared Experimental Spectra, a public database and analysis of structure-spectral relationships for uranium minerals. This first-of-its-kind dataset and corresponding analysis fill a key gap in the existing body of knowledge for mineralogists and actinide scientists. 

Assaf Anyamba Credit: Carlos Jones/ORNL, U.S. Dept. of Energy

ORNL’s Assaf Anyamba has spent his career using satellite images to determine where extreme weather may lead to vector-borne disease outbreaks. His work has helped the U.S. government better prepare for outbreaks that happen during periods of extended weather events such as El Niño and La Niña, climate patterns in the Pacific Ocean that can affect weather worldwide. 

ORNL engineer Canan Karakaya uses computational modeling to design and improve chemical reactors and how they are operated to convert methane, carbon dioxide, ammonia or ethanol into higher-value chemicals or energy-dense fuels. Credit: Carlos Jones/ORNL, U.S. Dept. of Energy

Canan Karakaya, a R&D Staff member in the Chemical Process Scale-Up group at ORNL, was inspired to become a chemical engineer after she experienced a magical transformation that turned ammonia gas into ammonium nitrate, turning a liquid into white flakes gently floating through the air. 

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ORNL took home the top honors in three categories at the second annual DOE Geospatial Science Poster competition, held on National GIS Day. For the second year in a row, DOE awarded ORNL top prize as Best Geospatial Program. Additionally, ORNL geospatial researchers took home first place prizes for their posters in the Best Departmental Element Alignment and Best Cartography categories.

Astrophysicists at the State University of New York, Stony Brook, and University of California, Berkeley created 3D simulations of X-ray bursts on the surfaces of neutron stars. Two views of these X-ray bursts are shown: the left column is viewed from above while the right column shows it from a shallow angle above the surface.

Astrophysicists at the State University of New York, Stony Brook and University of California, Berkeley, used the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility’s Summit supercomputer to compare models of X-ray bursts in 2D and 3D. 

ORNL researcher Brian Williams prepares for a demonstration of a quantum key distribution system. Credit: Genevieve Martin/ORNL, U.S. Dept. of Energy

An experiment by researchers at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory demonstrated advanced quantum-based cybersecurity can be realized in a deployed fiber link.