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The use of class A3 and A2L refrigerants to replace conventional hydrofluorocarbons for their low global warming potential (GWP) presents risks due to leaks of flammable mixtures that could result in fire or explosion.
The quality and quantity of refrigerant charge in any vapor compression-based heating and cooling system is vital to its energy efficiency, thermal capacity, and reliability.
Performance of heat exchangers greatly suffers due to maldistribution of fluid, which also impacts the performance of the entire HVAC system. One method to reduce fluid maldistribution is to improve the design of the manifold to make the flow evenly distributed.
Moisture management accounts for over 40% of the energy used by buildings. As such development of energy efficient and resilient dehumidification technologies are critical to decarbonize the building energy sector.
ORNL has developed a new thermal energy storage design utilizing low conductivity organic phase change materials.
Concrete floor slab flatness and levelness are parameters often specified in construction documents that contractors must meet to ensure a high quality of construction. However, the measurement of these parameters is cumbersome and time-consuming.
Making existing buildings more airtight is critical in reducing the nation's energy consumption and carbon output. Most current methods of locating building leakage sites are disruptive to occupants and none of the methods can measure the flow of individual leakage sites.
Household refrigerators typically consume 1.5–2.0kWh of electricity per day, and more than 100 million refrigerators are used in US homes, resulting in significant primary energy consumption and carbon emissions.
Building Science Advisor is a web-based tool that allows users to quickly and reliably evaluate the moisture durability of their building wall designs and select the most energy-efficient and moisture-safe design.