Applying Synthetic Biology to Biotechnology and Environmental Resilience
Scientists working in the Synthetic Biology Group at Oak Ridge National Laboratory develop and apply principles and techniques for biosystems design to engineer plants, bacteria, and fungi for a range of biotechnology and environmental applications. By developing and optimizing genetic tools for non-model organisms and energy crops, researchers in this group drive innovations that enhance chemical production, improve bioproduct synthesis, and address environmental challenges.
Microbial Engineering
One of the group’s key research areas involves developing advanced genetic tools to modify non-model microbes. Unlike well-studied model organisms such as E. coli and yeast, many microbes with promising industrial applications are difficult to grow in laboratory conditions. These non-model microbes exhibit unique metabolic capabilities that can be harnessed for biotechnological advancements, including:
– Producing high-value chemicals
– Converting plant biomass into fuels and materials
– Breaking down environmental pollutants
– Mining critical minerals and materials
By improving the ability to genetically manipulate these microbes, researchers are unlocking new pathways for reliable bioprocessing and waste reduction.
Biofuel Feedstocks
In addition to microbial engineering, the group focuses on improving crops through plant genome editing and metabolic pathway modifications. By enhancing genetic traits that contribute to disease resistance, drought tolerance, and greater biomass yields, researchers are developing hardier and more productive feedstock crops that can be turned into chemicals and materials. Domestic biobased resources are extensive and include species such as poplar and switchgrass. By identifying the function of critical genes and optimizing plant metabolism, scientists are working toward the creation of better crops that can thrive in varied environments.
Advance Biosystem Understanding
Beyond individual organisms, the researchers also investigate biosystems at the ecosystem level, studying interactions between plants, microbes, and environmental conditions. These holistic approaches ensure that advancements in biotechnology continue to contribute to broader energy and environmental goals, supporting a secure and thriving bioeconomy.
“We have developed biotechnologies that make the overall manufacturing process cheaper, such as feedstock crops that need less water and nutrients to grow larger, and processing methods that reduce or negate the need for costly solvents.”
Carrie Eckert Researcher at ORNL
Microbial Engineering Group
Modifying microorganisms to address challenges in energy production and industrial manufacturing.
