Health and Household-Related Benefits Attributable to the Weatherization Assistance Program

Abstract

This report discusses how weatherization improves the health and well-being of low-income households in the United States. This research was one component of a comprehensive evaluation of the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) low-income Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP). A representative, national sample of weatherized single family and mobile homes, along with an appropriate comparison group of homes, was randomly selected to participate in a survey just before they received an energy audit and then again approximately 18 months after being weatherization. Data were also collected on measures installed in these two types of homes. Survey results indicate that occupants in weatherized homes had reduced asthma symptoms and asthma-related visits and hospitalizations. The results also indicate that households’ homes were more comfortable, less drafty, and much less frequently keep at unsafe temperatures. As a result, fewer occupants suffered from thermal stress (i.e., needing medical attention from being too hot or too cold) post-weatherization. The survey results also indicate that respondents’: general physical and mental health improved: were able to sleep better; and missed fewer days of work. The net present values of twelve health and household-related co-benefits of low-income weatherization were estimated. The estimates are presented in three tiers based on the strength methods and data underlying the estimates. The estimates are also presented with and without including the value of lives saved included. The estimated monetary value of these co-benefits is substantial compared to the energy cost savings benefits. Future research is needed to improve upon the methods developed for this research and to collect more specific medical cost savings data (i.e., Medicaid records).