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Vol. 22, No. 2, ( 1989)
Life Sciences at ORNL Editorial Biology Research Genetics- Genetics Research in the Biology Division
- Chromosome Alterations and Cancer
- Targets for Mutagenesis
- Mouse Models of Human Genetic Disorders
- Mouse Genome Characterization
- Pursuing Biology's Holy Grail
- Radiation-Induced Cancers
- Extrapolating Cancer Risk
- In Vitro-In Vivo Models for Cancer Studies. New model systems aid understanding of cancer mechanisms
- Probing Mechanisms for Cancer Suppression. An ORNL technique improves understanding of factors that block tumor growth
- Protein Engineering
- Altering Human Epidermal Growth Factor
- DNA Repair—A Recipe for Survival. Research is zeroing in on the cell's mechanisms for self-repair
- Can the CO2 Fixation Enzyme Be Improved?
Vol. 22, No. 1, ( 1989)
State of the Laboratory 1978-88- State of the Laboratory 1978-88: Years of Change. The upsurge in materials, energy conservation, and global environmental research and improvements in nuclear reactors are among the highlights of the 37th annual State of the Laboratory address, given recently by ORNL 's Acting Director for 1988.
- Competitiveness Begins at Home. Our new Laboratory director says cooperative efforts are crucial to making ORNL a serious competitor in world research and development.
- Market Research Aids Technology Transfer
- SIDEBAR: The MBA Experience. University of Tennessee business graduate students assist Energy Systems in market research that has led to 32licensing agreements with private firms.
- Awards and Appointments
- Books. Strategic Defense and Arms Control (eds. Alvin Weinberg, Jack Barkenbus) reviewed by David J. Bjornstad of the Energy Division; new books by ORNL authors and editors
- R&D Updates. High Flux Isotope Reactor restarted again; off-site wells being sampled; ORNL involved in "cold fusion" experiments
- Take a Number
- Technical Highlights. ORNL designs Smart House system; ORNL home energy audit tested in two states; new devices for detecting radioactivity and destroying chemical toxins in groundwater
- User Facilities. Coordinator' s office established to simplify user access
- Educational Activities. University and Educational Programs discussed by new manager
- Technology Transfer. Bee detector licensed, ORNL technology used by Commerce Park tenant, ORNL-industry agreements in materials research
Vol. 21, No. 4, ( 1988)
Waste Management and Remedial Action- A New Way of Doing Business: An Interview with Tom Row
- The DOE Model
- The Energy Systems Approach
- Improving Waste Management Operations
- Waste Management Technology Center
- The Hazardous Waste Technology Program
- PCB-Eating Microbes
- Radioactive Waste Management R&D
- Grouts Solve Disposal Problems
- ORNL's New Environmental Projects
- Remedial Actions for ORNL's Environment
- QA in Waste Management
- Loss of Coolant: ORNL's Role in a Key Reactor Safety Experiment
- Awards and Appointments
- Books. ORNL researcher's book discusses the economics of recycling plastic waste
- R&D Updates. Roof Research Center dedicated; leaking Georgia cesium capsules probed
- Take a Number
- Technical Highlights. Two 1988 R&D 100 Awards for Oak Ridge; new ORELA positron source operating
- Technology Transfer. Triple-effect absorption chiller and diagnostic device licensed
Vol. 21, No. 3, ( 1988)
Supercomputers in Scientific Research- Supercomputers in Scientific Research
- Energy for Development: ORNL Returns to the Third World
- Designer Steels for Advanced Energy Applications
- New DNA Stain Aids Cell Studies
- Take a Number
- Awards and Appointments
- Books. Chaos, by James Gleick, reviewed by Woody Gove
- R&D Updates. Alvin Trivelpiece: ORNL's new director; two HHIRF devices operating; tritium pellet injector for fusion demonstrated; DOE Superconductivity Pilot Center located at ORNL
- Technical Highlights. Hood River Conservation Project an energy-saving success; decline in tree growth linked to aluminum "freed" from soil by acid rain
- Technology Transfer. Valley-Todeco licensed to make aircraft fasteners from ORNL alloy; metallamics to manufacture nickel aluminide products
Vol. 21, No. 2, ( 1988)
State of the Laboratory- State of the Laboratory: "Gee Whiz". Ceramics strengthened by microwaves, superconducting films, a computer program featuring a "bug" that learns, a microbe that destroys PCBs in soil, a laser having a tuning range 2000 times greater than its commercial counterpart, an energy-efficient liquid separation system, and chemically produced whiskers that strengthen ceramics are "gee whiz" achievements in 1987. In his final State of the Laboratory address as ORNL director, Herman Postma challenges the staff to set new directions and learn from past mistakes.
- Susan Whatley: From Fast Track to Slow Boat. Impelled by economic necessity and an enthusiasm for learning, Susan Whatley rose from secretary to engineer to manager to professional society president in a short time. Now retired, she and her husband are sailing around the world. Accompanying articles tell about ORNL's mentoring program and progress in affirmative action.
- Imaging the World's Longest Dinosaur. An ORNL acoustic technique for imaging underground features has determined the precise positions of buried bones of the longest dinosaur ever discovered and should help guide and hasten the excavation of this Seismosaurus.
- Awards and Appointments
- Take a Number
- Books. The Making of the Atomic Bomb is reviewed. Recent books authored or edited by ORNL staff members are listed.
- Technical Highlights. HFIR shutdown stops production of californium-252. A robot-like manipulator for NASA is being built at ORNL.
- R&D Updates. The HTML wins an award from Research & Development. Tumulus disposal of low-level wastes has been demonstrated.
- Technology Transfer. An ORNL surveying system has been licensed to Chemrad Corporation. 1987 patentees from ORNL are listed.
Vol. 21, No. 1, ( 1988)
Transferring ORNL Technology- Toward a "Technological Commons"
- A New Licensing Approach
- Industrial R&D Consortia
- Local ORNL Spin-off Companies
- Designing Chips by Computer. ORNL is custom designing microchips for specific uses, such as tracking the migration of killer bees, due in the United States by next year.
- Images of the Heart. New developments from ORNL's Nuclear Medicine Group will improve diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases and aid in cancer detection.
- "We Have the Best People Around": Interview with Associate Director Robert Merriman. Bob Merriman discusses his new job, nuclear power, ORNL's environmental problems, robotics, SDI research, and AVLIS for uranium enrichment.
- Microwave Processing of Ceramics: An Interdisciplinary Approach. High-frequency microwaves may be used to strengthen large, already-formed ceramic parts having complex shapes.
- Take a Number
- Awards and Appointments
- Books. Controlling Technology: Ethics and the Responsible Engineer is reviewed.
- R&D Updates. Athens Automation and Control Experiment proves successful; impact statement completed on disposal of chemical weapons; the Advanced Toroidal Facility achieves its first plasma
- Technology Transfer. U.S. steelmaker acquires rights for use of ORNL alloy.
Vol. 19, No. 4, ( 1986)
- Sizing Up Contaminated Properties: A Saga of ORNL's Western Pioneers. Employees at ORNL's new office in Grand Junction, Colorado, have surveyed hundreds of radon-emitting properties for DOE's Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Project. The office also is responsible for several innovations that are expected to save the project millions of dollars.
- Genetic Risks of Using Ethylene Oxide. New ORNL studies on the mutagenicity of ethylene oxide in mice suggest that regulations may be needed to limit brief exposures to the gas, which is widely used by health care workers to sterilize medical supplies.
- Human Gene Therapy: A Look at a Cutting Edge of Biomedical Science. Gene therapy—implanting appropriate genes in cells to correct genetic disorders—is being considered for widespread use in humans with inherited diseases. The author, who is a member of a national committee that considers the technical, ethical, and social implications of this biomedical technology, discusses the technical merits and problems of human gene therapy and current recommendations on its future use.
- Survey Sampling: A Useful Tool for Scientific Investigation. Scientists at ORNL have used statistics and survey sampling to ensure accuracy in their research results. Examples include determining the proportion of transuranic wastes in waste mixtures and estimating the size of fish populations at various sites. The author presents a primer on conducting a survey.
- Nuclear Sleuthing at ORNL: A New Look at Neutron Activation Analysis. Scientists at ORNL have helped develop neutron-activation analysis, which has been used for 50 years to identify and quantify elements, such as uranium, in materials. They will advance the science at the expanded NAA facility at the High Flux Isotope Reactor.
- ORNL's Forays into Forensic Activation Analysis. In the 1960s ORNL activation-analysis experts helped evaluate the evidence from the Kennedy assassination and two highly publicized murder trials.
- News Notes. ORNL's involvement in CERN physics experiment; plans for ACTO, a nuclear-plant advanced controls facility; another Large Coil Test Program milestone.
- Technical Capsules. ORNL's three IR 100 award-winning projects; new method of detecting wear in motor-operated valves; designing a reactor for space.
- Take a Number
- Awards and Appointments
Vol. 19, No. 3, ( 1986)
- The Origins of Physics Research at ORNL
- The Origins of Chemical Research at ORNL
- Surface Modification Using Ion Beams and Lasers
- A View of the Surface on the Atomic Scale
- Design of High-Temperature, Ordered Intermetallic Alloys
- Materials Science Theory at ORNL
- Recent Advances in the Science of Ceramics
- Ceramics in Basic Research
- Users, Users Everywhere
- Probing Materials Using Low-Energy Neutron Beams
- ORNL's X-Ray Facility at the National Synchrotron Light Source
- The Science and Engineering of Irradiated Materials
- Theoretical Research on Solids
- Mathematical Sciences Research at ORNL
- Research in Intelligent Machines at ORNL
- Collisions of Low-Energy Multiply Charged Ions
- High-Energy Atomic Physics
- Platinized Chloroplasts: A New Bioelectronic Material Developed at ORNL
- Separation Science and Technology
- Research on High-Temperature Water Solutions
- Organic Chemistry of Coal
- Analytical Challenges in Mass Spectrometry Research
- Nuclear Physics Theory at ORNL
- Macroscopic Nuclear Physics
- Nuclear Structure of the Stressed Nucleus
- Probing Nuclei Using ORELA's Energetic Neutrons
Vol. 19, No. 2, ( 1986)
- State of the Laboratory—1985: How Service Groups Support Research. In this updated report of his February 10, 1986, address to the staff, ORNL Director Herman Postma salutes the work of the Laboratory's support and services organizations in maintaining ORNL as a high-quality research facility. Services mentioned by Postma range from computerized library services and health risk information to the fabrication of large-scale breeder test equipment. Technical highlights include the development of a novel bioelectronic photosynthetic material for water splitting, an analytical technique to aid in the design of more efficient absorption heat pumps for heating and cooling buildings, a "smarter" robot, a method of using "bugs" to liquefy coal, and a computerized ultrasonic system for mapping "hot spots" on properties in the West having radioactive uranium mill tailings. Postma also notes ORNL's award-winning achievements.
- Superconducting Magnets for Fusion Energy: The Story Behind the Six Coils. The International Fusion Superconducting Magnet Test Facility at ORNL now contains its full array of six large superconducting magnet coils. The coils were designed and built under ORNL's direction over the past 10 years by groups in Japan, Switzerland, the European Atomic Energy Community, and three U.S. firms. This article presents the story behind the coils and the status of the testing program to compare the technical performance, reliability, and economics of different coil designs that could be used to contain plasmas in fusion devices that could generate useful electrical power.
- Books. Global Energy: Assessing the Future is reviewed by Bud Perry of the Energy Division.
- News Notes. ORNL and Japan collaborate on fission R&D; isotope facilities named nuclear historic landmark; inventors honored; technology-transfer workshop sparks industrial interest.
- Take a Number
- Awards and Appointments
Vol. 19, No. 1, ( 1986)
- Civilian Reactor Power in the United States: A Strategy for ORNL
- The Next Generation of Reactors: The Nuclear Power Options Viability Study
- Nuclear Power: Who Needs It?
- Where in the World Is Nuclear Energy?
- Pressurized Thermal Shock: A Hot Issue for the Nuclear Industry?
- Reactor Safety Research: NRC Programs at ORNL
- Radioactive Waste Disposal: Technical Plans, Institutional Delays
- Automating Large-Scale Reactor Systems
- Building a Better Research Reactor: The Proposed Center for Neutron Research
- Radioisotopes from ORNL: 40 Years of Customer Satisfaction
- Editorial. The nuclear power option must be kept alive
- Awards and Appointments
- Take a Number
- News Notes. Six ORNL-UT Distinguished Scientists appointed; Voyager space probe (which is carrying an ORNL-made alloy) has close encounter with Uranus; ORNL officials tell congressional committees of budget impacts
- Books. The Nuclear Connection: A reassessment of Nuclear Power and Nuclear Proliferation_ (edited by Alvin Weinberg et al.) is reviewed